A Good Cow seed

Selection of cows as the main key to successful breeding. Selection of cows parent should consider the following criteria:

1. The characteristics of body
Weight loss according to age. The length of the body balanced, symmetrical lines parallel to the abdomen and back. Full chest. Bust a big, docile temperament and no anxiety. In general, according to the nature of his cows.:

2. The characteristics of the Head and Neck
Forehead broad, smooth, her eyes big and bright. Short face with a straight profile. Muzzle broad, wide mouth, the ears are well in accordance with the texture of the beef. The neck was short, smooth, integrated to the shoulder and throat clean. Other features to note, broad shoulders and stocky at the top. Forelegs straight, short, wide and strong bone. Torax slim, flat shoulder. Broad back, thick and straight to the top. Meat ribs with a good length. Waist area, legok hungry lean, low and full. The nipple is symmetrical, normal, and the number 4.

Catfish Cultivation

Catfish cultivation does not require a complex treatment regimen. No need to dig in the dirt or make the pond and do not need to create a pool of concrete, but simply using tarps or deklit. But if not permanent can dig the ground or create a pool of concrete. Using a tarp or deklit have advantages and disadvantages. Those advantages are low cost, practical, easy to make, and easy bringed wherever we want, as well as the process becomes very easy to harvest.


The disadvantage is not as durable- good quality tarp could last more than 3 years, if the leak would be quite difficult, and likely to tear. For the small-cap and are eager to learn, I guess the choice of using a tarp quite right.


For 1000 cultivated tail catfish enough sheeting measuring 4 × 6 meters. Tarp this size can be made into a pond measuring 2 × 3 meters. Size 2 × 3 with a thickness of 80 cm of water is the ideal size for 1000 tail catfish.


Tarpaulin-bend bent in such a way that resembles the above-ground concrete pool. Corners or in the pool can be at stake sekiling with wood or bamboo. In addition to strong, cotton trees grow so that it can not decay, durable.


Once the pool finished, prepare a medium. Anyway ... preferably before the new sheeting is used, soaked first in water or clean washed that the chemicals could sheeting minused.


Key of success in the maintenance of any fish, including catfish, is a good preparation of the medium media. So good it will also result. Catfish do not have to water flow other catfish for us who are in the water.


Give pool with water as high as 15-20 Cm. Than, sow cow manure half-baked at 5-10 cm. Chopped banana trunks and seed in this pool. Can give coconut fibers in the yangtidak too much, for 1 to 2 weeks. Until water have colored brown and even green. Is that green water color is ready to be already living in the fertile media. Mikroorganisme iniyang water needed by the catfish.


Carried out the morning feeding danpetang day, which usually catfish have appetite high. Food sum body adjust to the west, which is 5% of the total weight of all populations pool.


I usually do not bother with 5%, but viewed from event feeding. Give a little food. If you feed wild prey, so give a little longer, until eat not way too wild. Do not be too much feed because it can make bloating and die. During the day as well fed, but feed a lot of meaning too large ongkosproduksi. It should provide additional feed at today. Eg give die chicken hung in the pool surface that remains of inedible chicken could not be garbage we out and in the pool. Can until give worms and bran, or food supplements do not need buy.


Catfish will be ready to harvest in the age 2-3 months, with the size of 8-12 individuals per kilogram.

Mango Cultivation

Mango production at this time have not been able to meet market demand, especially overseas markets. This inability is not only due to low productivity but also the quality is still lacking. This condition is caused by the application of cultivation technology that is not optimal.
Mango plants grow best at an altitude of 50-300 m above sea level on a thick layer of soil and soil crumb structure and grainy.
Varieties of high value such as 21 or Arumanis Gadung 143. Other varieties are Manalagi 69, Lalijiwo, Chokanan and Marionette 31.

A. PREPARATION OF LAND

Planting hole was made 1-2 months before planting, size 1 mx 1m x 1 m and spacing of 6 mx 8 m. Two weeks prior to the planting, soil excavation put it back in the planting hole with manure mixed in the ratio 1: 1. It would be optimal SUPERNASA flush (0.5 tbsp / + 5 liters of water / tree).

B. PLANTING

Planting at the beginning of the rainy season. Before the seeds were planted a plastic bag is removed. + Depth of 15-20 cm above the plant roots and soil around the neck compressed in the direction of crop plants so as not to collapse. Plants were given shelter by his side to the west and then reduced gradually.

C. FERTILIZATION

Manure ~ (PK) is given a time at the beginning of the rainy season. How embedded around the canopy width of tree crops or dig a hole in the side of the plant. Mango age 1-5 years were given 30 kg PK, aged 6-15 years were given 60 kg of PK. It would be optimal if added ~ ~ SUPERNASA or if the manure can be used SUPERNASA difficult to dose:
- Alternative 1: 0.5 tablespoon / 5 liters of water per plant.
- Alternative 2: 1 bottle of SUPER NASA dilute in 2 liters (2000 ml) of water make the mother liquor. Then every 1 liter of water was given 20 ml of mother liquor was to flush per tree.
~ Giving SUPERNASA can then be given every 3-4 months.
NASA POC ~ Spraying (4-5 ttp / tank) or more optimal POC NASA (3-4 ttp) + HORMONIK (1 ttp) per tank every 1-3 months.
NPK Fertilizer ~ 2 times a year at the beginning (November - December), the end of the rainy season (April-May) following doses:

Umur (th)	PK (kg)	Dosis Pupuk Makro (KG/Pohon)
		ZA	TSP	KCl
1 – 3	20 – 30	0.5 – 1	0.25-0.5	0.25-0.5
4 - 6	30 – 40	1 – 2	0.5 – 1	0.5 – 1
7 – 10	50 – 60	2 – 3	1 – 1.5	1 – 1.5
> 10	50 – 60	3 – 4	1.5 – 2	1.5 – 2

D. PEMANGKASAN

Prune Forms (3 stages):
Phase I: the age of 1 year after planting during the rainy season by cutting the trunk as high as 50-60 cm from the ground and cutting down on the field connection. Branches that grow from three branches that kept him from spreading.
Phase II: pruning performed on all three branches that grow after the age of 2 years, the way he leaves 1-2 sections / dashed. Shoots that grow on each branch maintained 3 shoots. If more discarded. Stages of the investment would be trimming the tree with a branch formula 1-3 - 9.
Phase III: 3 years, the same way as stage II, but kept all the shoots that grow to production.
PRODUCTION TRIM
Pruning is to maintain the plant by cutting the branches of dead / dry branches that grow inward and downward and branch water is a young branch that will not produce fruit. Production cuts implemented immediately after harvest.

E. MANAGEMENT OF FLOWERS AND FRUIT

Management of flowers and fruit for 4 times, at the time of bud break, bud elongation, mango size (green beans) and marble size (corn). Fertilizers are used:
A. Monokalsium phosphate (MKP) is given before the advent of new shoots or bud break and during bud break or bud elongation (dose of 2.5 g / liter).
2. NASA POC provided during bud break, bud elongation, (4-5 doses of cap / tank).
3. NASA POC (3-4 ttp) + HORMONIK (1 ttp) per tank size is given at the time of mango and marble size.

F. PESTS AND DISEASES

a. Tip Borer, Clumetia transverseThis worm gnawing the young shoots (flush) and flower panicles with drilled / bored into shoots or panicle downward. Leaf or tassel flower buds wither, dry and damaged as a result of nutrient transport stops and then die. Control; branch is cut and burned infected shoots, pendangiran to turn off the pupa, spraying with PESTONA.b. Thrips (Scirtothrips dorsalis)Pest thrips are often called red stripes on the first abdominal segment there is a red line. This pest attacks the young leaves but also flowers with piercing and sucking fluids from the epidermis of leaves and fruit. Place a puncture can be a source of disease. Looks like burning leaves, brown and menggelinting. If interest diketok-word of the hand and placed underneath the base with a white paper will look a lot thrips that fell. Control: developing young shoots cut and burned, caught by yellow traps, regular pruning, spraying with BVR or PESTONAc. Caterpillars Phylotroctis sp.Slightly brown color (different from Clumetia sp. The color green) bored into the base of the candidates often flower panicles. Eggs Phyloctroctis sp. hatch and young adults to attack the fruit stalk (nipple). Young fruit abscission layer in the autumn as the fruit stalk blackish pus. Active at night. Control with PESTONA.d. Seed Borer, Noorda albizonalisThe pest is gnawing a fruit at the end or middle of the dirt and generally leave scars and often cause fruit rupture. This worm gnawing a direct consequence of fruit seeds fruit rot and fall. Unlike the Black Borer is gnawing at the base of the fruit pieces. Gerekan hole can be a source of disease. Control: fruit packaging, collect the fruit attacked and burned, spray with PESTONA.e. Mango leafhoppers (Idiocerus sp.)The attack came as tassel flower bud elongation stadia. Nymphs and adult leafhoppers suck attack simultaneously with the liquid on the flowers, so dry, pollination and fruit formation interrupted and then die. Severe attacks occur when hot humid weather supported. These pests can invite disease emergence and development of sooty (sooty mold) with honey dew issued from the planthopper may cause phytotoxic on buds, leaves and flowers. Control: fumigation, spraying BVR / PESTONA before the flowers bloom / in the afternoon.f. Fruit Flies (Bractocera dorsalis)The fruit is attacked first black dots appear, at about the point of being yellow, rotten fruit and larval development occurred. Agravator is possible that secondary pests (Drosophilla sp.), Fungi and bacteria. Control: fruit packaging, fruit fly trapping.g. Antraknose disease (Colletotrichum sp.)Black spots occur on the flush, leaves, panicles and fruit. The attacks intensified if too moist, many clouds, rain during the flowering time and night time dew that many arise. If the interest affected the entire crop will fail because the rate to fall. Control: pruning, planting should not be too tight, the infected plants were collected and burned.h. Recife disease, Diplodia recifensisThis disease is also called Blendok, the disease vector was a beetle Xyleborus affinis. These beetles make tunnels in the trunk / branches and fungus Diplodia then go into the tunnel. Outside the venue will be out blendok gnawing beetles (sap). Mango diseases such as sooty (mushrooms Meliola mangiferae), scabies / scab (Elsinoe mangiferae), red rust spots (algae Cephaleuros sp.)Note: If the control of pests and diseases with natural pesticides have not been overcome, chemical pesticides can be used as directed. In order to spray more evenly and not easily lost by rain water add Adhesives Straighten AERO 810 + 5 ml dose (0.5 cap) per tank. Spraying herbicides (for weeds) in order to more effectively and efficiently can be mixed Adhesives Straighten AERO 810, dose + 5 ml (1/2 cap) / tank

G. HARVEST AND POST-HARVEST

Harvesting is done at the age of 97 + days after anthesis, fruit powder, and the hours of 9:00 to 16:00 pm with the remaining pieces of stalk about 0.5 to 1 cm.

Chili Cultivation

Peppers can be grown in the highlands and low, pH 5-6. Chili farming is faced with various problems (risks), among others, technical culture, deficiencies, pests and diseases, etc..
  

A. Phase CROPPING

1. processing of Land
· Spread manure doses of 0.5 -1 ton / 1000 m2
· Diluku then raked (leave + 1 week)
· Given the Dolomite as much as 0.25 tons / 1000 m2
· Created bed width of 100 cm and 80 cm wide trench
· Pour SUPER NASA (1 bt) / NASA (1-2 bt)
- Super Nasa: 1 bottle dissolved in 3 liters of water (so the mother liquor). Every 50 liters of water add 200 cc of the mother liquor.
Or a hype (+ 10 liters) were given 1 tablespoon pressed SUPER NASA and pour into bed + 5-10 m.
- NASA: 1 yells (+ 10 liters) were 2-4 closed NASA and pour into the bed along the + 5 - 10 meters.
· Combine GLIO 100-200 g (1-2 packs) with 50-100 kg of manure, allow 1 week and distribute them to bed.
· Beds closed and perforated plastic mulch, plant spacing 60 cm x 70 cm zig zag pattern (let + 1 - 2 weeks).

2. seed
· The need for a 1000 m2 from 1 to 1.25 sachet Natural CK or CK-11 -10 and Natural CS-20, CB-30
· Seeds soaked with NASA POC doses from 0.5 to 1 cap / liter of warm water overnight and then brooded.

B. Phase Seedbed (0-30 DAYS)

1. Nursery preparation· Direction Nursery faces east with a plastic or a thatched roof shade.· Media grew out of a mixture of soil and manure or compost that has been filtered, the ratio of 3: 1. Manure before it is used mixed with GLIO 100 gr in 25-50 kg of manure and allowed to stand for a week +. Media inserted polybag seedling size 4 x 6 cm or banana leaf cone.
2. Seeding· Chilli seeds placed one by one per polybag, then closed layer of mature soil + manure that has been filtered· Spray 1-2 doses NASA POC ttp / tank age of 10, 17 HSS· Watering is done every day in the morning or late afternoon to keep the humidity
3. Observations Pests & Diseasesa. Disease· Damping-off (dumping off), because the symptoms are drooping plant stem rot, caused by a fungus Phytium sp. And Rhizoctonia sp. Method of control: who got dumped plants along with soil, set the humidity to reduce shading and watering, if high attack flush GLIO 1 tablespoon (± 10 g) per 10 liters of water.· Dew fur, characterized by chlorotic spots on leaves with a hairy surface or Kotil fungus Peronospora parasitica attributable. How to overcome such as damping-off disease.· The virus, its symptoms and stunted growth of seedlings or pale leaf color mosaic. Symptoms occur more evident after the plants are older than 2 weeks. How to overcome; seeds removed attacked and burned, spray with a viral vector or PESTONA BVR.
b. H a m a· Fleas Peach Leaves (aphids sp.), Note the lower surface of leaves or foldsleaf, peach aphids usually hide under leaves. Massage with fingertips colony which ticks are found, spray with BVR or PESTONA.· Hama Thrip parvispinus, attack symptoms and crinkled leaves chlorotic spots as fluid leaves smoked, the lower layers of leaves silvery or colored like copper. Colonies usually hanging beneath the leaves. Observations in the morning or late afternoon because the pests will be out in the shade. Severe attacks with BVR or PESTONA spray to reduce the spread.· Pest Mites (Polyphagotarsonemus latus). Symptoms of brownish yellow leaf curl twisted into the bone along the bottom of the leaf. Thickened shoots and fallen trunks and branches so that the residence. Note the young leaves, when rolled up and hardens it was a sign of mites attacked. How to overcome as in Aphis and Thrip

D. PLANTING PHASE

1. Seed Selection· Choose a seed uniform, healthy, strong and growing smoothly· Seedlings have leaves 5-6 (age 21-30 days)
2. How to Plant· When planting in the morning or evening, when the heat was postponed.· Removable plastic polybags· Once planting is completed, the plant immediately watered / NASA POC sprayed 3-4 cap / tank.
3. Observations Hama· Land caterpillar (Agrotis Ipsilon), an active night for copulation, feeding and spawning grounds. Caterpillars eat young plants by cutting the stem or petiole. During the day hidden in the soil around the plants attacked. Any caterpillars found were collected and killed, spray with a severe attack or VIREXI PESTONA· Grayak caterpillar (Spodoptera litura and S. exigua),Characteristics of newly hatched caterpillars / was a small green with black spots on both sides of the abdominal / caterpillar body, there is a triangular patches on the back (like a crescent moon). Symptoms of the attack, the larvae eat the lower surface of leaves and fruit with damage in the form of a pimple or large holes. Severe attacks, leaves shaved peppers that live branches only. Eggs were collected and destroyed, weeding around the plants used for hiding. Spray with VITURA, VIREXI or PESTONA.· Snails / slugs. Eat the plants, mainly in the evening. Searched around the crop (sometimes under the mulch) and exhaust to the outside area.

E. PHASE OF PLANT (7-70 HST)

1. Watering can be done with pengocoran each crop or flooding (dilep) if it feels dry.2. Fertilization is done once a week pengocoran through each hole. Kocoran fertilizer is a mixture ratio of macro-Urea fertilizer: SP 36: KCl: NASA = (250: 250: 250) grams in 50 liters (1 cask) solution. Given the age of 1-4 weeks of a dose of 250 cc / hole, while the age of 5-12 weeks with a fertilizer ratio of macro-Urea: TSP: KCl: NASA = (500: 250: 250) grams in 50 liters of water, with a dose of 500 cc / hole.Total fertilizer needs macro 1000 m2:
Fertilizer Types
1-4 weeks (kg)
5-12 weeks(Kg)Urea
7
56SP-36
7
28KCl
7
28
Note:- Age 1-4 mg 4 times the application of (± 7 vat / application)- Age 5-12 mg 8 times the application (14 ± vat / application)3. NASA POC spraying the plants with a dose of 3-5 cap / tank at the age of 10, 20, then at the age of 30, 40 and 50 + HST NASA POC HORMONIK dose of 1-2 cap / tank.4. Perempelan, reserving 2-3 main branches / production from the age of 15-30 hr.5. Observations Pest and Disease· Spodoptera litura / caterpillar grayak View next.· Fleas - kutuan (Aphis, Thrips, mites), see the nursery phase.· Wilt disease, caused by several fungi such as Fusarium, and Rhizoctonia Phytium. Symptoms of plants suddenly wilt, dry up and fall leaves. Wilted plants were destroyed and to reduce the spread, spread GLIO· Diseases Leaf spots, Cercospora capsici. This fungus attacks during the rainy season begins at the bottom of the old leaves. Attack symptoms in the form of patches in various sizes with the center of the gray or white, sometimes the center is torn or perforated. Leaves turn yellow and fall prematurely, living only fruit and twigs. As a result, the fruit becomes damaged due to sunburn. Observations on old leaves.· Fruit Fly (Dacus dorsalis), symptoms of the attacks have been pieces that contain maggots will become brittle because it is eaten, the young fruit often fall or change its shape. Fruit rot holes allow easy entry of bacteria, so moist rotten fruit. As a vector antraknose. Observations aimed at rotten chilies, collect and destroy. Fruit fly traps monitored with active Methyl Eugenol 40 units / ha· The disease anthracnose fruit rot (Colletotrichum gloeosporioides), symptoms of the early patches or spots on the rotting fruit spread and develop into the color orange, gray or black. The center of the spots visible lines of a full circular dots of black spores. Severe attacks all parts of the dried fruit. Observations made on the red fruit and dark green. Infected fruit were collected and destroyed at harvest time are separated. Heavy attack by GLIO sebari under crops.

F. HARVEST AND POST-HARVEST PHASE

1. Harvesting· Harvest the first around the age of 60-75 days· Harvest the second and so on 2-3 days with the amount of harvest could reach 30-40 times or more depending on elevation and cultivation way· After picking all three were sprayed with NASA POC + HORMONIK and nurtured by comparison as above, a dose of 500 cc / ph
2. Method of harvest:· The fruit is harvested is not too old (80-90% maturity)· Harvesting the good the morning after the dew dried· Sorting done since the land· Store in a shaded3. Observations Pests & Diseases· Collect and destroy fruit is rotten / defective